Simulate DNA to mRNA transcription and mRNA to protein translation. Visualize codons, amino acids, and the central dogma step by step.
Starting from a DNA sequence, this simulator lays out the corresponding mRNA, groups that RNA into codons, and identifies the amino acid or termination signal assigned to each codon. It is suited to checking a short central-dogma exercise and seeing how a base change affects translation. The common mistake is strand identity: coding-strand DNA is transcribed by replacing T with U, while a template strand must be complemented and read antiparallel. Confusing them changes the resulting codons.
A concrete input and expected output from the current implementation.
Input
ATGAAATAG
Expected output
mRNA: AUGAAAUAG; codons: AUG | AAA | UAG; meanings: Methionine | Lysine | Stop; translated peptide: Methionine-Lysine
Interpreting the input as 5'-to-3' coding-strand DNA, transcription preserves the base order while replacing T with U. AUG encodes methionine, AAA encodes lysine, and UAG terminates translation without adding another amino acid.
With a coding-strand input written 5' to 3', the mRNA has the same order of bases, with U in place of T. With a template-strand input, the transcript must be complementary and antiparallel. The simulator's mRNA line is therefore meaningful only after the DNA strand and its direction are interpreted consistently.
The mRNA is read in consecutive three-base codons in the displayed reading frame. Each complete codon is assigned its standard genetic-code meaning. AUG represents methionine and can serve as a start codon; UAA, UAG, and UGA are termination signals rather than amino acids. Any leftover one or two bases cannot form a complete codon.
DNA strand labels matter. For a 5'-to-3' coding strand, mRNA matches its base order except U replaces T. The RNA is complementary and antiparallel to the template strand. If the sequence entered was actually template DNA, a coding-strand interpretation produces the wrong transcript even though every character is valid.
No. It reports sequence-level transcription and codon translation. It cannot by itself establish whether a gene is expressed or account for intron removal, alternative splicing, RNA editing, initiation context, post-translational processing, or protein folding. Treat the result as a codon interpretation, not a complete prediction of the mature cellular protein.
The example and behavioral notes were checked against the browser implementation. Standards and primary references below define the relevant format, formula, or platform behavior.
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