b2KIT

Monte Carlo Portfolio Simulator

Run Monte Carlo simulations on investment portfolios with configurable return distributions, correlations, and probability of ruin analysis.

Tested tool guide Tested browser tools Checked August 16, 2026

What Monte Carlo Portfolio Simulator does and how it behaves

A Monte Carlo portfolio result is a distribution of hypothetical paths, not a single forecast. This simulator repeatedly samples portfolio returns from the configured distributions, applies the selected relationships between assets, and summarizes the resulting values and frequency of ruin. It is useful for comparing assumptions about uncertainty and diversification. The common mistake is reading a percentile or ruin percentage as an objective probability about the future. Every reported figure is conditional on the return distributions, correlations, time horizon, and other values entered.

How the result is produced

1

Generating portfolio paths

Each simulation trial produces a sequence of sampled returns from the configured distributions. When the portfolio contains multiple assets, the correlation settings influence how their sampled returns move together. Applying those returns over the selected horizon creates one possible portfolio path. Repeating the process produces a range of paths rather than one deterministic ending value.

2

Estimating ruin

The probability of ruin is an empirical simulation result: it is the share of generated paths that meet the simulator's ruin condition. It remains conditional on every entered assumption, particularly the horizon, distribution parameters, and correlations. Running more trials can reduce random sampling noise, but it cannot make an unsuitable return model representative of real markets.

Good uses

  • Compare two asset allocations to see how their simulated ending-value ranges and ruin frequencies differ under the same horizon and return assumptions.
  • Test how stronger positive correlation between portfolio holdings changes modeled diversification and the frequency of severe portfolio outcomes.
  • Explore whether a proposed investment plan remains viable when expected returns, dispersion, or other distribution assumptions are made less favorable.

Limits and checks

  • Separate simulated uncertainty from model uncertainty. The paths vary randomly, but they can represent only the distributions and relationships supplied to the simulator.
  • Do not interpret correlation as complete dependence. It describes a particular form of co-movement and may not capture changing correlations, nonlinear relationships, or simultaneous losses during market stress.
  • Check what event the displayed ruin measure represents before using it in a decision. A simulated threshold event is not automatically equivalent to insolvency, permanent loss, or failure of an entire financial plan.

Common questions

Can this simulator tell me what my portfolio will be worth?

No. It can show a range of values produced by the selected assumptions and indicate where simulated outcomes are concentrated. A median, percentile, or average is not a promised future value. Actual markets may have different returns, volatility, dependence, and extreme events from those represented by the configured distributions.

Will increasing the number of trials make the ruin probability accurate?

It can make the displayed estimate more stable by reducing variation caused by a limited sample of simulated paths. It does not establish that the underlying probability is correct. If the return distribution, correlation assumptions, horizon, or ruin definition poorly represents the question, additional trials only estimate that same model more precisely.

References and verification

The behavioral notes were checked against the browser implementation. Standards and primary references below define the relevant format, formula, or platform behavior.

Related Tools